The Chapters on Business Transactions

'The best (most pure) food a man consumes is that which he has earned himself, and his child (and his child's wealth) is part of his earnings

"No man earns anything better than that which he earns with his own hands, and what a man spends on himself, his wife, his child and his servant, then it is charity

'The trustworthy, honest Muslim merchant will be with the martyrs on the Day of Resurrection

'The one who strives to support the widow and the poor is like a Mujahid who fights in the cause of Allah, and like one who stands in the night (in voluntary prayer) and fasts by day

"We were sitting in a gathering, and the Prophet (ﷺ) came with traces of water on his head. One of us said to him: 'We see that you are of good cheer today.' He said: 'Yes, praise is to Allah.' Then he spoke to the …

Be moderate in seeking worldly things, for everyone will be facilitated for which he was created

The one who has the most concerns is the believer who is concerned about both his worldly affairs and his Hereafter."' (Da'if)Abu 'Abdullah said: "This Hadith is Gharib' Isma'il, alone, has narrated it

"O people, fear Allah and be moderate in seeking a living, for no soul will die until it has received all its provision, even if it is slow in coming. So fear Allah and be moderate in seeking provision; take that which …

"At the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) we used to be called brokers, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by us and called by a name that was better than that. He said: 'O merchants, selling involves (false) oaths …

"We went out with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and the people were trading early in the morning. He called them: 'O merchants!' and when they looked up and craned their necks, he said : 'The merchants will be raised on the …

'Whoever achieves at something, let him stick with It

I used to send trade goods to Sham and Egypt, then I prepared to send trade goods to 'Iraq. I went to 'Aishah, the Mother of the Believers, and said to her: " O Mother of the Believers I used to send trade goods to Sham …

"Allah has not sent any Prophet but he was a shepherd." His Companions said to him: "Even you, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Even me I used to tend the sheep of the people of Makkah for a few Qirats." (Sahih)(One of …

"Zakariyya was a carpenter

"The image-makers will be punished on the Day of Resurrection and will be told: 'Give life to that which you have created

"The most dishonest of people are the dyers and the goldsmiths

"The importer is blessed with provision and the hoarder is cursed

"No one hoards but a sinner

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Whoever hoards food (and keeps it from) the Muslims, Allah will afflict him with leprosy and bankruptcy

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent us, thirty horsemen, on a military campaign. We camped near some people and asked them for hospitality but they refused. Then their leader was stung by a scorpion and they said: 'Is there …

"I taught people from Ahtus-Suffah" Qur'an and how to write, and one of them gave me a bow. I said: 'It is not money, and I can shoot (with it) for the sake of Allah., I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about it and he …

"I taught a man the Qur'an, and he gave me a bow. I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he said: 'If you accept it you will be accepting a bow of fire.' So I returned it

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the price of a dog, the payment (given to a prostitute) and the payment made to a soothsayer

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the price of a dog and studding a stallion

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the price of a cat

the Prophet (ﷺ) was treated with cupping and he gave him (the cupper) his wages. (Sahih)Ibn Abu 'Umar was alone in narrating it. That was said by Ibn Majah

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was treated with cupping and he told me to give the cupper his wages

the Prophet (ﷺ) was treated with cupping and gave the cupper his wages

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), forbade the earnings of a cupper

his father asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about the earnings of a cupper and he forbade him from that. Then he mentioned his need and he said: "Spend it on feeding your she-camels that draw water

I heard Jabir bin 'Abdullah say: "In the Year of the Conquest, while he was in Makkah the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said: 'Allah and His Messenger have forbidden the sale of wines, meat of dead animals, pigs and 'idols.' …

"The Messenger of Allah, forbade selling or buying singing girls, and their wages, and consuming their price

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade two kinds of transactions: Mulimasah and Mundbadhah

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade Mulamasah and Munabadhah. (Sahih) Sahl added: "Sufyan said: 'Mulamasah means when a man touches something with his hand without seeing it, and Munabadhah means when he says: "Toss me …

"Let one of you not undersell another

"A man is not to undersell his brother, nor is he to fry to outhaggle his brother

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the Najsh

"Do not practice Najsh

"A City-dweller should not sell for a Bedouin

"A city-dweller should not sell for a Bedouin. Leave people to (engage in trade) and Allah will grant them provision through one another

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade a city-dweller to sell for a Bedouin." (Sahih)I (Tawus) said to Ibn 'Abbas: "What is meant by the words: 'A city-dweller selling for a Bedouin?' He said: "He should not be a broker for …

"Do not meet the traders on the way, and whoever meets any of them and buys from him, the vendor has the choice of annulling the transaction when he comes to the marketplace

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade meeting traders on the way

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade. meeting the owners of goods (away from the market)

"When two men enter into a transaction, each of them has the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted and are still together, or one of them has given the option or choice to the other. Once he has …

”The two parties to a transaction have the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted

"The two parties to a transaction have the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) bought a load of fodder from a Bedouin man. When the transaction was concluded, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Choose (either to go ahead or to cancel the transaction).' The Bedouin said: …

I heard Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri say: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Transactions may only be done by mutual consent

Abdullah bin Mas'ud sold one of the slaves from the state[1] to Ash'ath bin Qais, and they differed concerning the price. Ibn Mas'ud said: "I sold him to you for twenty thousand,' but Ash'ath bin Qais said: "I bought him …

"I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, a man is asking me to sell him something that I do not possess; Shall I sell it to him?' He said: 'Do not sell what is not with you

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'It is not permissible to sell something that is not with you, nor to profit from what you do not possess

when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent him to Makkah, he forbade him from profiting off of what he did not possess

"Any man who sells to two men, it is for the one who was first

"If two (separate) authorized persons make a sale (of the same thing), then the first transaction is the one that is valid

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the deal involving earnest money

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the deal involving earnest money. (Hasan)Abu 'Abdullah said: Earnest money refers to when a man buys an animal for one hundred Dinar, then he gives the seller two Dinar in advance and says: "If I …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade Gharar transaction sand Hasah transactions

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade Gharar transactions

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling what is in the wombs of cattle until they give birth, and selling what is in their udders unless it is measured out, and selling a slave who has fled, and selling spoils of war …

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade selling Hablul-Habalah

a man from among the Ansar came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and begged from him. He said, "Do you have anything in your house?" He said: "Yes, a blanket, part of which we cover ourselves with and part we spread beneath us, and a …

Whoever agrees with a Muslim to cancel a transaction Allah will forgive his sins on the Day of Resurrection

"Prices rose during the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and they said: 'O Messenger of Allah, prices have risen, so fix the prices for us.' He said: 'Indeed Allah is the Musa'ir, [1] the Qabid, (Restrainer) the …

"Prices rose at the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and they said: 'Why do you not fix the food prices, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'I hope that when I leave you, no one among you will be demanding restitution …

“Allah will admit to Paradise a man who was lenient when he sold and when he bought

"May Allah have mercy on a person who is lenient when he sells, lenient when he buys, and lenient when he asks for payment

"I came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), during one of his 'Umrah at Marwah and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I am a woman who buys and sells. When I want to buy something, I state a price less than I want to pay, then I …

"I was with the Prophet (ﷺ) on a military campaign, and he said to me: 'Will you sell this camel of yours for a Dinar?' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, it is yours when I get to Al-Madinah.' He said: 'Then sell it for two …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade haggling before sunrise, and (he forbade) slaughtering animals that yield milk

"There are three to whom Allah will not speak on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He look at them or purify them, and theirs will be a painful torment: A man who has surplus water in the desert but refuses to give any …

"There are three to whom Allah will not speak on the Day of Resurrection nor will He look at them or purify them, and theirs will be a painful torment." I said: "Who are they, O Messenger of Allah? For they are indeed …

"Beware of swearing oaths when selling, for it may help you to make a sale but it destroys the blessing

"Whoever buys a palm tree that has been pollinated, its fruits belong to the seller, unless the purchaser stipulated a condition." (Sahih) Another chain from Ibn 'Umar, from the Prophet (ﷺ), with similar wording

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever sells a palm tree that has been pollinated, its fruits belong to the seller, unless the purchaser stipulated a condition. And whoever buys a slave who has wealth, his wealth …

"Whoever sells a palm tree and sells a slave." Mentioning both of them together

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ruled that the fruit of a palm tree belongs to the one who pollinated it, and that the wealth of a slave belongs to the one who sold him, unless the purchaser stipulated a condition

"Do not sell fruits until they have ripened." And he forbade (both) the seller and the purchaser (to engage in such a transaction)

"Do not sell fruits until they have ripened

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade selling fruits until they have ripened

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling fruits until they have changed the color, and selling grapes until they have turned black, and selling grains until they have hardened

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling for many years ahead

"Whoever sells fruits then the crop fails, should not take any of his brother's money. Why would any of you take the money of his Muslim brother?

"Makhrafah Al' Abdi and I brought linens from Hajar[1] The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came to us to bargain with us with some trousers. There was someone with me who weighed (the goods) in exchange for a wage. So the Prophet …

"I heard Malik Abu Safwan bin 'Umairah, say: 'I bought a pair of trousers from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) before the Hijrah, and he weighed it for me and allowed more

"When you weigh, allow more

"When the Prophet (ﷺ) came to Al-Madinah, they were the worst people in weights and measures. Then Allah, Glorious is He revealed: "Woe to the Mutaffifun (those who give less in measure and weight)",[1] and they were …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by a man who was selling food. He put his hand in it and saw that there was something wrong with it. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'He is not one of us who cheats

"I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) pass by a man having food in a vessel. He put his hand in it and said: 'Perhaps you are cheating. Whoever cheats us is not one of us

"Whoever buys food, let him not sell it until he has taken full possession of it

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever buys food, let him not sell it until he has taken full possession of it.'" (Sahih) In his narration, (one of the narrators) Abu 'Awanah said: "Ibn 'Abbas said: 'I think …

'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling food bought by measure until two Sa' have been measured - the Sa' of the seller and the Sa' of the buyer

"We used to buy food from troops of riders (i.e., the caravans) without knowing the amount, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade us to sell it until it had been delivered to us

"I used to sell dates in the marketplace, and I would say: 'This was such and such an amount (when I bought it).' I Would give the purchaser a specific amount of dates according to the way it had been measured for me, …

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Measure your food, may you be blessed therein

"Measure your food, may you be blessed therein

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went to the market of Nabit,[1] and looked at it, and said: "This is not a market for you." Then we went to another market and looked at it, and said: "This is not a market for you." Then he …

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying: 'Whoever goes to the Morning prayer first thing in the morning, he goes out with the banner of faith but whoever goes out to the marketplace first thing in the morning, he goes …

"Whoever says, when he enters the marketplace: 'La ilaha illallah wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-mulk wa lahul-hamdu, yuhyi wa yumitu, wa Huwa hayyun la yamutu, bi yadihil-khairu kulluhu, wa Huwa ala kulli shay’in Qadir …

"O Allah, bless my nation in their early mornings (i.e., what they do early in the morning)." (Hasan)He said: "When he sent out a raiding party or an army, he would send them at the beginning of the day." He said: (1) …

"O Allah, bless my nation early in the morning of Thursday

"O Allah, bless my nation early in the morning

"O Allah, bless my nation in their early mornings.". It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever buys a Musarrah, he has the choice (of annulling the deal) for three days. If he returns it, then …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever buys a Muhaffalah, (1) he has the choice (of annulling the deal) for three days. If he returns it, then he must also give wheat equal to twice, the amount of its milk, or equal …

"I bear witness that the true and truly inspired one Abul-Qasim (ﷺ) told us: 'Selling a Muhaffalah is Khilabah, and Khilabah is not lawful for the Muslim."' (Ibn Majah said: " Meaning: 'Deception)

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ruled that what a slave earns belongs to his guarantor

a man bought a slave and put him to work, then he found some defect in him, so he returned him. He (the seller) said: "O Messenger of Allah he put my slave to work." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "A slave's earnings …

"The contractual obligation regarding a slave lasts for three days

"There is no contractual obligation after four (days)

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'The Muslim is the brother of another Muslim, and it is not permissible for a Muslim to sell his brother goods in which there is a defect, without pointing that out to him

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Whoever sells defective goods without pointing it out, he will remain subject to the wrath of Allah, and the angels will continue to curse him

"When captives were brought to him, the Prophet (ﷺ) would give the members of one family together (to one person), not wanting to separate them

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gave me two slaves who were brothers, and I sold one of them. He said: 'What happened with the two slaves?' I said: 'I sold one of them.' He said: 'Take him back

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) cursed the one who separates a mother and her child, or a brother from his brother

"Adda' bin Khalid bin Hawdhah said to me: 'Shall I not read to you a letter that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), wrote to me?' I said: 'Yes.' So he took out a letter. In it was: 'This is what 'Adda' bin Khalid bin Hawdhah …

"When anyone of you buys a slave woman let him say: 'Allahumma inni as'aluka khairaha wa khaira ma jabaltaha alaihi, wa a'udhu bika min sharriha wa sharri ma jabaltaha alaihi (O Allah, I ask You for the goodness within …

"I heard 'Umar bin Al-Khattab say: 'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Exchanging gold for gold is usury unless it is done on the spot. (Exchanging) wheat for wheat is usury, unless it is done on the spot. (Exchanging) …

"Ubadah bin Samit and Mu'awiyah happened to meet, either in a church or in a synagogue. 'Ubadah bin Samit narrated to them and said: 'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade us from selling silver for silver, gold for gold, …

'(Sell) silver for silver, gold for gold, barley for barley, wheat for wheat, like for like

“The Prophet used to give us dates from the collection (mixed) [1] dates, and we would exchange them for dates that were better, and we add to the price. [2] The Messenger of Allah said: ‘It is not right to give one Sa …

"I heard Abu Saeed Al-Khudri say: 'A Dirham for a Dirham and a Dinar for a Dinar.' So I said: 'I heard Ibn 'Abbas say something other than that.' He said: 'But I met Ibn 'Abbas and said: "Tell me about what you say …

"I heard him meaning Ibn 'Abbas allowing exchange (of Dirhams for Dirham etc., if extra was given) and that was narrated from him. Then I heard that he has taken back this opinion. I met him in Makkah and said: 'I heard …

"I heard 'Umar say: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said: 'Gold for silver is usury, unless it is exchanged on the spot."' (Sahih) Abu Bakr bin Abu-Shaibah said: "I heard sufyan saying: 'Gold for silver." memorize (this)

"I came saying. 'Who will exchange Dirham?' Talhah bin 'Ubaidullah, who was with 'Umar bin Khattab, said: 'Show us your gold, then come to us; when our treasure comes, we will give you your silver.' 'Umar said: 'No, by …

'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Dinar for Dinar, Dirham for Dirham, with no increase between them. Whoever has need of silver, let him trade gold for it, and whoever has need of gold, let him trade silver for it, and …

"I used to sell camels, and I used to buy gold for silver and silver for gold, Dinar for Dirham and Dirham for Dinar. I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about that, and he said: 'If you take one of them and give the other, then you …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade breaking the coins of the Muslims that are in circulation among them, without any necessary reason.”

Zaid, Abu 'Ayyash, the freed slave of Bani Zuhrah, told him that he asked Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas about buying wheat with barley. Sa'd said to him: "Which of them is better?" He said: "Wheat." He told him not to do that and …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the Muzabanah. The Muzdbanah means when a man sells the dates of his grove when they are still on the tree, for a measure of dty dates;[2] or, if it is grapes, he sells them when they …

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the Muhaqalah and the Muzabanah

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the Muhaqalah and the Muzabanah

"Zaid bin Thabit narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gave a concession regarding the sale of 'Araya.”

"Zaid bin Thabit told me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gave a concession regarding the sale of the estimated harvest of 'Araya return for dried dates." (Sahih) Yahya (one of the narrators) said: "The 'Araya is when a …

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade selling animals for animals on credit

"There is nothing wrong with selling animals, one for two, hand to hand," but he disliked selling them on credit

the Prophet (ﷺ) bought Safiyyah for seven slaves. (Sahih) (One of the narrators) 'Abdur-Rahman said: "From Dihyah Kalbi

' "'On the night in which I was taken on the Night Journey (Al-Isra'), I came to people whose stomachs were like houses, in which there were snakes that could be seen from outside their stomachs. I said: 'Who are these, …

"There are seventy degrees of usury, the least of which is equivalent to a man having intercourse with his mother

"There are seventy-three degrees of usury

"The last thing to be revealed was the Verse on usury but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died before he had explained it to us. So give up usury (interest) and doubtful things

Xthe Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) cursed the one who consumes usury, the one who pays it, those who witness it and the one who writes it down

“There will come a time when there will be no one left who does not consume usury (interest), and whoever does not consume it will nevertheless be affected by it

"There is no one who deals in usury a great deal (to increase his wealth) but he will end up with little (i.e., his wealth will be decreased)

"When the Prophet (ﷺ) came (to Al-Madinah), they used to pay in advance for dates, two or three years in advance. He said: 'Whoever pays in advance for dates, let him pay for a known amount or a known weight, to be …

"A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, 'The tribe of Banu so-and- so, who were descended from the Jews, have become Muslim, and they are starving, and I am afraid that they may apostatize.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'Who …

"Abdullah bin Shaddad and Abu Barzah had a dispute about paying in advance. They sent me to 'Abdullah bin Abu Awfa to ask him about it. He said: 'We used to make payments in advance at the time of the Messenger of Allah …

"When you have paid in advance for something, do not exchange it for something else." (Da'if)Another chain with similar wording

"I said to 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: 'Can I pay in advance for a date palm before it bears fruit?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Why not?' He said: 'A man paid in advance for a grove of trees during the time of the Messenger of …

the Prophet (ﷺ) asked a man to give as a loan a young camel and said: “When the camels of the Sadaqah come, we will pay you back.” When the camels came, he said: " O Abu Rafi', pay this man back for his Young camel." But …

"I heard 'Irbad bin Sariyah say: 'I was with the Prophet (ﷺ) and a Bedouin said: "Pay me back for my young camel, and he gave him an older (i.e., better) camel." He said: 'O Messenger of Allah! It is older (i.e., better) …

"You were my partner during the Ignorance period and you were the best of partners, you did not contend or dispute

"Sa'd, 'Ammar and I entered into a partnership on the day of Badr, (agreeing to share) whatever was allotted to us. 'Ammar and I did not get anything, but Sa'd got two men (slaves)

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'There are three things in which there is blessing: A sale with deferred payment; Muqaradhah (profit sharing); and mixing wheat with barley for one's house, but not for sale

"The best of your provision is what you earn, and your children are part of what you earn

"O Messenger of Allah, I have wealth and a son, and my father wants to take all my wealth." He said: "You and your wealth belong to your father

"A man came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and said: 'My father is taking all my wealth.' He said: 'You and your wealth belong to your father.' And the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Your children are among the best of …

'Hind came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Abu Sufyan is a stingy man and he does not give me enough for me and my child, except for what I take from his wealth without him realizing.' He said: Take …

"When a woman spends" and my father said: - "When a woman feeds (the poor) from her husband's house, without spending too much, she will have her reward, and he will be rewarded likewise because he earned it , and she …

I heard Abu Umamah Al-Bahili say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: " No woman should spend anything from her house without her husband's permission." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, not even food?" He said: …

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to accept the invitation of a slave

"My master used to give me food and I would feed others from it, then he stopped me," or he said: "He beat me. So I asked the Prophet,” -or- "he asked him and I said: 'I will not stop.' He said: 'Both of you will be …

“I heard 'Abbad bin Shurahbil, a man from Banu Ghubar, say: ‘We suffered a year of famine, and I came to Al-Madinah. I came to one of its gardens and took an ear of corn, I rubbed it, ate some and put the rest in my …

"When I was a boy, I used to throw stones at our date-palm trees"[1] - or he said: "the date-palm trees of the Ansar." I was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said: 'O boy' - (one of the narrators) Ibn Kasib said: He …

"When you come to a shepherd, call him three times. If he answers (all well and good), otherwise drink (milk from the flock) without taking advantage. And when you come to a garden call the owner of the garden three …

"When anyone of you passes by a garden let him eat therefrom, but he should not carry any away in his garment

"No one of you should milk from the livestock of another man without his permission. Would anyone of you like someone to break into his storeroom and take his food? The udders of their livestock store food for them, so …

“While we were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on a journey, we saw some camels with their udders tied, among some thorny trees. We rushed towards it, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called us and we came back to him. He …

"Keep sheep, for in them is blessing

"Camels are the pride of their owners, and sheep are a blessing, and goodness is tied to the forelocks of horses until the Day of Resurrection

"Sheep are among the animals of Paradise

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded the rich to keep sheep, and he commanded the poor to keep chickens, and he said: 'When the rich keep chickens, then Allah will give permission for the town to be destroyed